ECG Case 4
89 Years old man with weakness and vomiting. What's your Interpretation ? What abnormalities do you see ? ANSWER
Hyperthyroidism and Antithyroid Drugs
Thyroid overactivity in Graves’ disease results from formation of IgG antibodies that bind to and activate TSH receptors. Consequently, there is overproduction of hormone with cessation of TSH secretion. Graves’…
Acute Illnesses that Lead to Rapid Deterioration in Pulmonary Hypertension
WHO Classification System of Pulmonary Hypertension
Sudden deterioration in RV function can rapidly lead to shock, cardiovascular collapse, and death. In the ED, it is important to rapidly recognize and treat common precipitants of acute decompensation. These include sepsis, tachyarrhythmias, hypoxia, pulmonary embolism (PE), and the abrupt withdrawal of vasodilator medications.
ECG Case 3
70 Years old man presented with Chest Pain and this ECG. What is your interpretation of this ECG and the rhythm ? ANSWER
Shortness of Breath (Dyspnea) in the Emergency Department
Shortness of Breath Algorithm
Assess severity of dyspnea, including need for intubation/airway management based on physical examination. Emergent intubation indicated regardless of cause if severe respiratory distress/arrest. Consider Critical diagnoses → may be able to cure patient and avert intubation if the underlying cause is corrected (i.e. chest tube insertion, foreign body removal…)
Measures and Regimens for Preventing Drug-Induced Cushing’s Syndrome
Cortisol release and its modification by glucocorticoids
When glucocorticoid medication is suddenly withheld, the atrophic cortex is unable to produce sufficient cortisol and a potentially life-threatening cortisol deficiency may develop. Therefore, glucocorticoid therapy should always be tapered off by gradual reduction of the dosage.
ECG Case 1
A 52 years old woman presented with this ECG. The computer interpretation is : Atrial Fibrillation with Ventricular Response of 95Chronic Pulmonary Disease PatternQT Interval long rate Do you agree…
Anxiety in the Emergency Department
Medical Conditions with Anxiety as a Common Symptom
The Anxious State limbic system, in particular the amygdala, facilitates autonomic arousal under conditions of uncertainty or distress. The increase in sympathetic tone contributes to a state of readiness with…
Glucocorticoid Therapy – Principal and Adverse Effects
Glucocorticoids - principal and adverse effects
I. Replacement therapy The adrenal cortex (AC) produces the glucocorticoid cortisol (hydrocortisone) and the mineralocorticoid aldosterone. Both steroid hormones are vitally important in adaptation responses to stress situations, such as…