Aortic Aneurysms – Summary
Risk factors for Aortic Aneurysm: smoking, male sex, age, pre-existing atherosclerosis, obesity, Hyperlipidemia, HTN (Hypertension), Family History
Vasodilators – overview
The distribution of blood within the circulation is a function of vascular caliber. Venous tone regulates the volume of blood returned to the heart, hence, stroke volume and cardiac output.…
Know how to Identify Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome Risk Factors
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome occurs when elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), or, intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), leads to new organ dysfunction. The incidence of abdominal compartment syndrome in the ED has not been reported, but in studies of trauma patients, the incidence is between 1% and 14%.
Sepsis Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) is Inflammatory response to a non-infectious insult (pancreatitis, burn, surgery…)
Conduction Blocks at the AV Node (AV Blocks) [With Examples]
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When there are conduction problems at the AV node or bundle of His, conduction of impulses between the atria and ventricles is affected. This can take several forms or ‘degrees’.…
Antibiotics acting on DNA
Antibiotics acting on DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) serves as a template for the synthesis of nucleic acids. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) executes protein synthesis and thus permits cell growth. Synthesis of new DNA is a…
ECG Interpretation: All you need to know
Approach all EKGs systemically. Always note: rate, rhythm, QRS axis, complexes and intervals, chamber enlargement, ischemia/infarction, compare with prior EKG.
Atypical Presentations of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
The classic presentation of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is that of an older age male smoker with hypertension who reports exertional chest pressure that radiates to the left upper…
Vertigo Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
The Approach (Questions): Is the dizziness true vertigo? If so, is it central or peripheral vertigo? Is the vertigo intermittent - likely benign? Constant vertigo is either acute peripheral vestibulopathy (APV) or a posterior circulation/cerebellar CVA
Antibiotics – Inhibitors of Tetrahydrofolate Synthesis
Antibiotics - Inhibitors of tetrahydrofolate synthesis
Most bacteria do not have a requirement for folate, because they are capable of synthesizing folate, more precisely dihydrofolate DHF, from precursors. Selective interference with bacterial synthesis of Tetrahydrofolate (THF) can be achieved with sulfonamides and trimethoprim.
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